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Frequently Asked Questions
What is PSLF and who qualifies?
PSLF forgives remaining Direct Loan balances after 120 qualifying monthly payments (10 years) while working full-time for a qualifying employer — government agencies, 501(c)(3) non-profits, military, AmeriCorps, and Peace Corps. PSLF forgiveness is completely tax-free. You must be on an income-driven plan (IBR, PAYE, SAVE, ICR) or the Standard 10-year plan to make qualifying payments.
How is my IBR monthly payment calculated?
IBR payment = 10% (new borrowers, post-July 1 2014) or 15% (pre-2014 borrowers) of your discretionary income, divided by 12. Discretionary income = AGI minus 150% of the federal poverty guideline for your state and family size. Example: Income $40,000, single, 48 states. 150% poverty = $23,475. Discretionary = $16,525. Monthly payment = 10% of $16,525 / 12 = $137.71/month. Forgiveness after 20 years (new) or 25 years (old).
Is forgiven student loan debt taxable?
PSLF forgiveness is NOT taxable under any circumstances. IDR forgiveness (IBR, PAYE, SAVE, ICR) is generally taxable as ordinary income in the year forgiveness occurs — the “tax bomb.” The American Rescue Plan temporarily excluded IDR forgiveness from income through 2025; for 2026 onward this depends on Congressional action. Plan ahead with a tax advisor to manage this potential liability.
What are the 2026 federal poverty guidelines used in calculations?
For 2026: Contiguous 48 states/DC: $15,650 (1 person), $21,150 (2), $26,650 (3), $32,150 (4), +$5,580 each additional. Alaska: $19,550 base, +$6,970. Hawaii: $17,990 base, +$6,430. All IDR plans use a percentage of the poverty line to determine your discretionary income threshold.
What happened to the SAVE plan?
SAVE replaced REPAYE in 2023, offering the lowest payments of any IDR plan (5% of discretionary income for undergrad, 225% poverty guideline). However, federal courts blocked many SAVE provisions in 2024-2025. As of 2026, enrolled borrowers were placed in administrative interest-free forbearance during litigation. Check studentaid.gov for the latest status before making decisions based on SAVE.
What is RAP (Repayment Assistance Plan)?
RAP is a proposed new IDR plan to potentially replace SAVE. Under the proposed rules, payments would be 10% of discretionary income (150% poverty line), capped at the standard 10-year payment, with forgiveness after 20-25 years. As of mid-2026, final rules were still being developed. This calculator models RAP based on the proposed framework — verify at studentaid.gov before relying on RAP projections.